E-commerce

Basic Concepts Category
Definition of E-commerce: Business activities conducted using electronic tools, centered around the exchange of goods, and utilizing information network technology as a means. It involves the electronic, networked, and informational transformation of various aspects of traditional commercial activities.
Development Stages: E-commerce stage based on electronic data exchange in the 1970s; E-commerce stage based on the Internet in the 1990s; Mobile e-commerce stage after 2010.
Key Features: Globalized market, virtual transactions, round-the-clock marketing, reduced costs, personalized services.
Main Functions: Advertising, consultation, online ordering, online payment, electronic accounts, service delivery, feedback collection, transaction management.
Operating Models Category
B2B: E-commerce model between businesses, such as Alibaba International, which is based on the Internet. It involves businesses as trading entities, electronic payment and settlement through banks, and business data support. This model can reduce transaction and labor costs for businesses, enhance production efficiency, and create more business opportunities.
B2C: E-commerce model between businesses and consumers, like JD.com. Businesses or companies directly offer goods and services to consumers through websites. The main business forms include businesses conducting online direct sales and transactions through online electronic trading markets.
C2C: Consumer-to-consumer e-commerce model, such as Taobao Xianyu. It essentially involves e-commerce between consumers, with network service providers responsible for providing e-commerce platforms and transaction services to facilitate online transactions between both parties.
B2G: E-commerce model between businesses and governments, like the Central Government Procurement Website. Businesses and government agencies can exchange data and conduct business with each other through the central website. It covers various transactions between the government and businesses, including government procurement, taxation, customs clearance, regulation publication, as well as the promulgation of laws and policies.